Which of the following is NOT a threat to psychological well-being in hospitalized children?

• A. Loss of parental support
• B. Loss of perceived control
• C. Loss of relative autonomy/self-esteem
• D. Improved sense of security

Answer: (D)

The main idea here is how hospitalization can affect a child’s emotional world—through attachment, control, independence, and self-esteem. The statement about an improved sense of security is not a threat to psychological well-being; it actually supports resilience. When care teams create a stable, predictable environment with consistent presence, clear information, and comforting routines, children feel safer, experience less anxiety about procedures, and are better able to cope.

Losing parental support removes a primary emotional anchor and advocate, which can heighten fear and loneliness. Loss of perceived control happens when children feel powerless during medical care and decisions, leading to increased distress. Loss of relative autonomy or self-esteem reflects a drop in independence and perceived worth, which can undermine motivation and coping.

So, an improved sense of security is not only not a threat—it mitigates stress and promotes psychological well-being, whereas the other factors are threats that hospitals strive to minimize through family-centered care and supportive, developmentally appropriate interventions.